Articles
Companies & Partners
LLC articles
What the articles of association of a limited liability company in Saudi Arabia must contain under the Companies Law, and the clauses that protect each partner.
Business & CompaniesSimplified JSC
Simplified joint stock company (SJSC) in Saudi Arabia: no minimum capital, one founder allowed, flexible management, and what to put in the bylaws.
Business & CompaniesPartnership agreement
Partnership and shareholders agreements in Saudi Arabia: when they must be written, if they bind, and key clauses on shares, profits, management and exit.
Business & CompaniesBuying a company with debts
Buying a company with debts in Saudi Arabia: which debts pass to you in a share or asset purchase, workers' end of service, and what to check before you sign.
Business & CompaniesCompany liquidation
How to liquidate a company in Saudi Arabia: the solvency statement, appointing a liquidator, who is paid first, the 3-year limit and deregistration.
Business & CompaniesLLC manager liability
Liability of an LLC manager under the Saudi Companies Law: conflicts of interest and deals with his own business, holding the manager to account, and removal.
Business & CompaniesPartner disputes
Partners in a Saudi LLC disagree on management, profits or accounts? Companies Law tools before liquidation: inspection, removal, claims and share sale.
Business & CompaniesPartner exit
How a partner leaves an LLC in Saudi Arabia: selling the share, the 30-day pre-emption right, valuation, company buy-back, registration and guarantees.
Business & CompaniesShare sale and pre-emption
Selling or buying a share in a Saudi LLC before an outsider? Notice via the manager, the 30-day pre-emption period, valuation, and when it does not apply.
Business & CompaniesRemoving a partner
Can the majority expel a partner from a Saudi company? Expulsion in a general partnership, removing an LLC manager, buying the share, and the drag-along clause.
Business & CompaniesLLC profit distribution
Profit distribution in a Saudi LLC: when a partner is owed his share, the role of reserves and the general assembly, and what to do if profits are withheld.
Business & CompaniesInspecting company records
Manager refusing to show you the accounts? A non-manager LLC partner may inspect the records twice a year within 15 days, apart from assembly documents.
Business & CompaniesAssembly quorum and voting
Quorum and voting rules for general assemblies of Saudi LLCs and joint stock companies: notice periods, attendance quorum and the majority each decision needs.
Business & CompaniesChallenging an assembly decision
How to annul a general assembly resolution in a Saudi LLC or joint stock company: who may challenge, grounds for annulment, and the 90-day deadline to sue.
Business & CompaniesPartner liability for debts
Who pays the debts of a Saudi LLC? When a partner is liable from his own money, the effect of a personal guarantee, and how a general partnership differs.
Business & CompaniesSuing the manager
A liability claim against a company manager under Saudi law: when the company or a partner can sue, the 5% condition, and when the claim is time-barred.
Business & CompaniesRemoving an LLC manager
Can partners remove an LLC manager in Saudi Arabia, even one named in the articles? The majority needed, his voting ban, and going to court with 25% of capital.
Commercial Contracts
Consultancy agreement
Consultancy agreement in Saudi Arabia: defining the scope of work, when fees are due, whether results are guaranteed, and what to do if work is poor.
Business & CompaniesSale contract
Sale contracts under the Saudi Civil Transactions Law: when the price is due, what counts as delivery, the seller's warranty for defects, and the 180-day limit.
Business & CompaniesCommercial contract clauses
Key clauses in a commercial contract in Saudi Arabia: signing authority, payment and acceptance, penalty clauses, termination, notice and dispute resolution.
Business & CompaniesSupply contract delay
Supplier late with delivery in Saudi Arabia? Formal notice, termination, compensation for delay, penalty clauses, force majeure and buying replacement goods.
Business & CompaniesInvestment agreement
Gave someone money to invest in Saudi Arabia? Mudaraba rules under the Civil Transactions Law: is capital guaranteed, is a fixed return allowed, how to recover.
Agency & Distribution
Exclusive distribution
Drafting or disputing an exclusive distribution agreement in Saudi Arabia? What exclusivity covers, when agency and competition rules apply, and stock on exit.
Business & CompaniesAgency termination
Commercial agency in Saudi Arabia: the agent's and principal's rights when the agency is ended or breached, compensation, stock, and settlement options.
Bankruptcy
Trademarks
Trademark registration
Trademark registration in Saudi Arabia: the 90-day decision period, common refusal reasons, the 60-day grievance deadline, 10-year protection and renewal.
Business & CompaniesTrademark opposition
How to oppose a similar trademark in Saudi Arabia: the 60-day opposition period, the 30-day court challenge, cancellation routes and infringement penalties.
Arbitration & Settlement
Arbitration clause
When an arbitration clause is valid under the Saudi Arbitration Law, how to rely on it before any defence in court, and what to write in it to avoid losing it.
Business & CompaniesArbitral award enforcement
How an arbitral award is enforced in Saudi Arabia: the 60-day annulment case, the limited annulment grounds, stay of enforcement and the new Enforcement Law.
Business & CompaniesStarting arbitration
How to start arbitration in Saudi Arabia: the request for arbitration, forming the tribunal, the 12-month award deadline, and costs compared with court.
Business & CompaniesAppointing an arbitrator
When the other side will not name its arbitrator, or you doubt one's impartiality: court appointment after 15 days and the 5-day challenge deadline in KSA.
Business & CompaniesInternational arbitration
When arbitration is international under Saudi law, which court hears annulment, and the conditions to enforce a foreign arbitral award in Saudi Arabia.
Business & CompaniesInterim measures
Urgent protection in Saudi arbitration: court interim measures before the tribunal exists, tribunal orders by agreement, emergency arbitrators, online hearings.
Acquisitions
Government Tenders
Tender award grievance
How to challenge a government tender award in Saudi Arabia: the standstill period, grievance deadlines, the committee guarantee and administrative court options
Business & CompaniesGovernment subcontracting
Subcontracting on a Saudi government project: written approval of the entity, direct payment to the subcontractor, joint liability and claims for unpaid work.
Franchising
Franchise law
Saudi Franchise Law basics: the one-year operating rule, the 14-day disclosure document, registration with the Ministry of Commerce, and both sides' rights.
Business & CompaniesFranchise agreement
Key clauses in a Saudi franchise agreement: Arabic language, mandatory terms, fees, territory, assignment, and automatic renewal with 180 days' notice.
Business & CompaniesFranchise termination
When a franchise can be terminated in Saudi Arabia: legitimate reasons under Article 18, buy-back of assets, compensation, and the deadlines for claims.
Business & CompaniesFranchise disclosure
The franchise disclosure document in Saudi Arabia: the 14-day delivery rule, what it must contain, Ministry of Commerce registration, and rights if missing.
Business & CompaniesFranchise fees
What franchise fees cover in Saudi Arabia, how royalties are calculated, and when a franchisee can recover money: deposits, disclosure breaches, asset buy-back.
Commercial Register
New CR law
What the new Commercial Register Law changed in Saudi Arabia: one registration per trader, the end of sub-registers, 15-day updates, annual confirmation, fines.
Business & CompaniesCR annual confirmation
CR annual confirmation in Saudi Arabia: when it is due, fees and fines, when the registration is suspended, and how to lift the suspension within one year.
Business & CompaniesCR cancellation
Cancelling a commercial registration in Saudi Arabia: voluntary and mandatory deletion, why debts survive, the heirs' options, and what creditors can still do.
Commercial Concealment (Tasattur)
Commercial concealment
When a business arrangement becomes commercial concealment under the Saudi Anti-Concealment Law: manager or hidden owner, crime vs violation, and penalties.
Business & CompaniesConcealment penalty
Commercial concealment (tasattur) in Saudi Arabia: up to 5 years in prison and SAR 5 million, confiscation, deportation, closure, and when exemption applies.
Business & CompaniesReporting concealment
How to report commercial concealment to the Saudi Ministry of Commerce, what to include, whether your identity stays secret, and the reward of up to 30%.
Business & CompaniesFixing concealment
The anti-concealment correction period in Saudi Arabia has ended. The lawful options left for the Saudi owner and the expat, and what they mean for past years.
Fraud & Counterfeiting
Commercial fraud
Bought a fake or defective product in Saudi Arabia? Your right to a refund or to cancel the sale, the 180-day limit for defect claims, and the seller's penalty.
Business & CompaniesCounterfeit products
The penalty for selling counterfeit goods and copying a trademark in Saudi Arabia, the brand owner's remedies, and what a buyer can do after buying a fake item.
Selling a Business
Selling a shop
Buying or selling a shop in Saudi Arabia: what to write in the sale contract, who pays the shop's old debts, the lease and workers, and each side's rights.
Business & CompaniesTransferring an establishment
Transferring a sole proprietorship (establishment) in Saudi Arabia: what passes to the new owner, which debts stay with you, and the workers' rights.
Business & CompaniesSelling a business
Selling or buying a business in Saudi Arabia: asset sale vs share sale, checks before you buy, the partners' 30-day pre-emption right, and protecting the price.
Business & CompaniesSole proprietorship debts
Is the owner of a sole proprietorship in Saudi Arabia personally liable for its debts? Why there is no separation as in a company, and how creditors collect.